Written questions by Wrigley.

Whether his Department has received representations from (a) Palantir Technologies Ltd and (b) its subsidiaries on combining data functions under a single NHS data contract.

My Rt Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care met with representatives of Palantir on 4 June 2025. The meeting was to discuss the importance of the rollout of the Federated Data Platform, including progress towards having all trusts onboarded. The meeting did not discuss combining data functions under a single National Health Service data contract, and the Department has not received representation from Palantir or its subsidiaries on that topic.

What (a) encryption key management protocols and (b) physical hosting zones are in place to ensure NHS datasets remain (i) logically and (ii) geographically partitioned from Palantir’s multi-tenant infrastructure.

Access to National Health Service health and social care data within the Federated Data Platform (FDP) is tightly controlled. The FDP incorporates advanced Privacy Enhancing Technology (PET), which has been procured from a separate supplier to ensure independence and to mitigate any conflicts of interest.It is a contractual requirement that personal data stored in the FDP and NHS PET cannot be accessed by its own personnel or contractors from outside the United Kingdom. In accordance with General Data Protection Regulation principles of transparency and accountability, NHS England has published details in the FDP Information Governance Framework. This framework is available at the following link:https://www.england.nhs.uk/long-read/federated-data-platform-information-governance-framework/

Whether (a) federated machine learning and (b) transfer learning techniques have been employed in the Federated Data Platform.

Neither federated machine learning nor transfer learning techniques are currently utilised within the NHS Federated Data Platform (FDP).The FDP is designed to support operational use cases such as elective recovery, care coordination, and discharge planning by enabling secure, real-time access to data across National Health Service organisations. While the platform supports advanced analytics and data integration, it does not currently employ federated or transfer learning methods as part of its architecture or functionality.NHS England continues to monitor developments in artificial intelligence and machine learning to ensure that any future applications involving NHS data align with core NHS principles, including safety, fairness, and accountability.

Whether (a) synthetic datasets, (b) model parameters, (c) algorithm weights and (d) derived feature maps generated using NHS training data have been (i) exported to and (ii) accessed from locations outside UK sovereign data zones.

There is no overseas processing of data of any type by the Federated Data Platform (FDP) programme, and this includes synthetic data and all functionalities. This is laid out in the FDP Information Governance Framework, which is available at the following link:https://www.england.nhs.uk/long-read/federated-data-platform-information-governance-framework/

Whether his Department has issued guidance on considering political neutrality when awarding government contracts.

The Procurement Act 2023 requires contracting authorities to act, and to be seen to act, with integrity, and has introduced new requirements to identify and review any potential conflicts of interest in relation to a procurement. Contracting Authorities must now prepare a conflict of interest assessment at key points in the procurement, including details of any actual or potential conflicts of interest and any steps they have taken to mitigate them.

Whether (a) outputs and (b) intermediate artefacts generated via Foundry workflows are permitted to be retained by Palantir Technologies for the purpose of product refinement.

All products, outputs, and intermediate artefacts generated within the Federated Data Platform, funded by the National Health Service under the NHS Federated Data Platform Associated Services (FDP-AS) agreement, are the intellectual property of the NHS, and Palantir is not permitted to utilise these for their own purposes. Further information on the FDP-AS is available at the following link:https://www.contractsfinder.service.gov.uk/Notice/0f8a65b5-23a2-4294-abb1-a7fd8efb3ad0

Whether (a) containerised services, (b) data pipelines and (c) Application Programming Interface integrations used within the Federated Data Platform are managed from (i) repositories and (ii) orchestration tools hosted outside the UK.

There is no overseas processing of data of any type by the Federated Data Platform (FDP) programme, and therefore transfer impact assessments are not required. This is laid out in the FDP Information Governance Framework, which is available at the following link:https://www.england.nhs.uk/long-read/federated-data-platform-information-governance-framework/

Whether pseudonymised NHS data processed within the Federated Data Platform is subject to remote (a) operability and (b) telemetry access by (i) engineers and (ii) DevOps teams located outside the UK.

There is no overseas processing of data of any type by the Federated Data Platform (FDP) programme, and this includes synthetic data and all functionalities. This is laid out in the FDP Information Governance Framework, which is available at the following link:https://www.england.nhs.uk/long-read/federated-data-platform-information-governance-framework/

Innovation and Technology, what assessment he has made of the potential impact of his Department's white paper entitled A pro-innovation approach to AI regulation, published in March 2023, CP 815, on proprietary models trained on NHS data.

As set out in the AI Opportunities Action Plan, most AI systems should be regulated at the point of use and our expert regulators are best placed to do so. Departments are working proactively with regulators to provide strategic direction and support them on their AI capability needs.

Whether her Department commissioned an independent assessment of the viability of proposed engineering solutions for Phase 5 of the South West Rail Resilience Programme (a) during and (b) since the Spending Review 2025.

We are continuing to fund drainage and ground investigations that will provide Network Rail with detailed data on the stability of the cliffs above that section of route and will inform their consideration of a proposal for a long-term solution in due course. The project will be kept under active review as part of our longer-term pipeline of schemes, for further consideration when funding discussions are being held and we have a clear proposal for a long-term solution.

What discussions he has had with NHS England on its data cleaning specification for Palantir; and whether that specification defines how patient data are (a) extracted, (b) transformed and (c) loaded into the federated data platform.

NHS England has not had any discussions with my Rt Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care on this matter. Each local organisation has their own instance of the NHS Federated Data Platform (FDP) for which they are the data controller, and can opt into any of the core products that support delivery of patient care. Local organisations can connect and share information currently stored in separate systems to support staff to access the information they need in one safe and secure environment, where there is a legal basis to do so. Data is only ingested into an FDP Tenant following establishment of the legal basis and a specific purpose for usage of that data. Most commonly this is for use in FDP products, for example those which support the management of waiting lists, theatre scheduling, or effective discharge of patients. Data is extracted, cleaned, enriched, and transformed according to the requirements of each use case or product. The FDP program uses the concept of the NHS Canonical Data Model to ensure that data is treated consistently across FDP Tenants, and this enables the development of consistent, reusable products. Prior to ingestion from the source systems to the FDP Tenant, the NHS-Privacy Enhancing Technology (NHS-PET) service registers the flow. NHS-PET is a standalone service located between primary data sources and the FDP-Associated Services (AS) platform, providing a data orchestration and privacy service for FDP-AS data ingress and inter-tenant transfers. The NHS-PET service creates records of the types and uses of data which are used in every instance of NHS FDP. If the data is to be used for secondary uses, not direct care, the NHS-PET service can treat personal data to remove identifiers utilising techniques such as anonymisation, masking, generalisation, and pseudonymisation. Privacy treated data is modelled by FDP-AS and is then made available for specific purposes.

What intellectual property rights NHS England retains over (a) data models, (b) ontologies and (c) analytics solutions produced within the Federated Data Platform.

Within the NHS Federated Data Platform (FDP), the National Health Service retains the Intellectual Property of the solutions it funds or develops, including all associated data models, ontologies, including the NHS Canonical data model, products, and analytical solutions. Under the FDP-Associated Services Agreement between NHS England and Palantir, background Intellectual Property, prior to entering into the agreement, remains the property of the respective party.

If she will publish her Department's analysis of phase 5 of the South West Rail Resilience Programme.

The Department does not publish analysis of rail enhancement projects whilst they remain in development.

Whether she has made an assessment of the potential impact of delaying Phase 5 of the South West Rail Resilience Programme on (a) the local economy and (b) transport resilience.

The Spending Review considered and prioritised investment across all government spending, taking account of business cases and affordability, including economic and social impacts. The Government does not undertake formal consultation with regional stakeholders as part of Spending Reviews.

Whether he has received recent correspondence from Palantir.

My Rt Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care received a letter from Louis Mosley, the Executive Vice President for the United Kingdom and Europe of Palantir Technologies, on 3 March 2025, offering to meet to discuss the roll-out of the NHS Federated Data Platform.

Whether her Department has taken steps with Network Rail to develop a proposal for the Teignmouth to Parsons Tunnel section of the South West Rail Resilience Programme since the Spending Review 2025.

We are continuing to fund drainage and ground investigations that will provide Network Rail with detailed data on the stability of the cliffs above that section of route and will inform their consideration of a proposal for a long-term solution in due course. The project will be kept under active review as part of our longer-term pipeline of schemes, for further consideration when funding discussions are being held and we have a clear proposal for a long-term solution.

What steps her Department plans to take to improve resilience along the stretch between Parsons Tunnel and Teignmouth pending the completion of Phase 5.

We are continuing to fund drainage and ground investigations that will provide Network Rail with detailed data on the stability of the cliffs above that section of route and will inform their consideration of a proposal for a long-term solution in due course. The project will be kept under active review as part of our longer-term pipeline of schemes, for further consideration when funding discussions are being held and we have a clear proposal for a long-term solution.

Whether alternative (a) funding models and (b) timelines are under consideration for delivering the final stage of the South West Rail Resilience Programme.

We are continuing to fund drainage and ground investigations that will provide Network Rail with detailed data on the stability of the cliffs above that section of route and will inform their consideration of a proposal for a long-term solution in due course. The project will be kept under active review as part of our longer-term pipeline of schemes, for further consideration when funding discussions are being held and we have a clear proposal for a long-term solution.

Whether her Department has set a deadline for Network Rail to produce a revised proposal for Phase 5 of the South West Rail Resilience Programme.

We are continuing to fund drainage and ground investigations that will provide Network Rail with detailed data on the stability of the cliffs above that section of route and will inform their consideration of a proposal for a long-term solution in due course. The project will be kept under active review as part of our longer-term pipeline of schemes, for further consideration when funding discussions are being held and we have a clear proposal for a long-term solution.

Whether she has received recent correspondence from Palantir.

Home Office ministers and officials receive correspondence from a range of businesses and other organisations on a regular basis.