Committee publication · Correspondence · 15 July 2026

Letter from Ofcom relating to the Committee's Report on the Regulation of postal services, 9 July 2026

From: Business and Trade Committee

Inquiry: Royal Mail

Summary

Ofcom Chief Executive Dame Melanie Dawes responds to the Business and Trade Committee's report on postal services regulation, defending Ofcom's enforcement record against Royal Mail while acknowledging poor performance is unacceptable. She details structural market decline, explains regulatory constraints, and outlines Ofcom's six-month monitoring focus on Royal Mail's £500m improvement plan and operational reforms.

Key findings

  • Ofcom has fined Royal Mail £37m+ in three years (£5.6m in November 2023, £10.5m in December 2024, £21m in October 2025) for persistent failure to meet regulatory targets
  • Letter volumes have halved from 14 billion in 2011 to 6.5 billion in 2024/25, while UK addresses exceed 32 million, fundamentally changing universal service economics
  • Royal Mail's universal service profit margin reached only 5% in two years since 2013/14, last achieved in 2015/16, raising financial sustainability concerns
  • Ofcom opened an investigation on 1 June 2026 into Royal Mail's 2025/26 delivery failures, examining prioritisation practices and exceptional events
  • Royal Mail has committed to £500m investment over five years and must complete operational reforms by November 2026 and meet quality targets by April 2027

Tone

Factual

Topics

postal-servicesregulationconsumer-protectionfinancial-sustainabilityenforcement

Key actors

Dame Melanie Dawes, Ofcom, Royal Mail, Business and Trade Committee, Liam Byrne, Communications Workers Union (CWU), IDS (Royal Mail ownership), Spectos

Notable line

There can now be no excuses for continued poor performance. The conditions are in place for Royal Mail to turn around its service quality: a reformed universal …

Key Quotes

Royal Mail's performance in recent years has not been good enough. Too many deliveries have been delayed, which has had a serious impact on families, communities and businesses across the UK.
Dame Melanie Dawes · Opening assessment of Royal Mail's service quality
We have found the company in breach of its regulatory obligations for three consecutive years, fining it £5.6m in November 2023, £10.5m in December 2024, and £21 million in October
Dame Melanie Dawes · Enforcement action record against Royal Mail
Letter volumes have fallen from around 14 billion items in 2011/12 to approximately 6.5 billion in 2024/25 – a decline of more than half.
Dame Melanie Dawes · Structural market decline explanation
Financial sustainability and consumer outcomes are not competing objectives; they are closely interdependent. A universal service provider that is not financially sustainable will be unable to invest adequately in its network …
Dame Melanie Dawes · Defending focus on financial sustainability alongside consumer protection
If Royal Mail fails to deliver, we will take further enforcement action as appropriate. But I must be clear that persistent failure to meet quality of service targets may raise more fundamental questions about the long-term provision of the universal service …
Dame Melanie Dawes · Warning of consequences for sustained non-compliance
The plan includes a £500 million investment commitment over the next five years, deployment of the new delivery model enabled by Ofcom's USO reforms, and interim milestones for improvement.
Dame Melanie Dawes · Royal Mail's Quality of Service Improvement Plan details
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Source · parliament.uk record ↗

Letter from Ofcom relating to the Committee's Report on the Regulation of postal services, 9 July 2026 | Beyond The Vote | Beyond The Vote